圈养大熊猫
captive pandas
国家林草局11月12日表示,2019年共繁殖大熊猫60只,存活57只,全球圈养大熊猫数量达到600只。国家林草局指出,圈养大熊猫种群数量再创新高,健康、有活力、可持续发展的圈养种群已基本形成。以此为基础,大熊猫野化放归研究工作也正稳步开展。
Sixty panda cubs have been born in captivity this year, of which 57 survived. This brings the worldwide captive panda population to 600, said China’s National Forestry and Grassland Administration. On Nov 12, the administration said, “A healthy, dynamic and sustainable captive panda population has taken shape.” It also said research on wild pandas is making progress.
马上学:Captive原指“被囚禁的,受控制的”,当与动物搭配时,多指“圈养的”。表示前者时,近义词为imprisoned, enclosed。另外captive也可引申为“被迷住的”。
差异化定价机制
a flexible multi-tier pricing system
据中国日报网报道,从12月1日起,国内高铁票价将迎来新一轮优化调整,将根据不同季节、不同时段、不同席别、不同区段实行灵活的差异化定价机制。根据票面价格,最高折扣达到5.5折。此次票价优化调整涉及400多趟列车。明年更多高铁线路将采用灵活定价机制。
Starting Dec 1, China’s high-speed trains switched to a flexible, multi-tier pricing system. Prices will now change depending on season, time period, ticket class and operating region, according to China Daily. The published ticket price may be discounted as much as 45 percent. This price adjustment involves more than 400 train services. It’s planned to extend to more trains next year.
马上学:Flexible表示“灵活的,可调整的”,flexible working hours(弹性工作时间),a flexible mind(灵活的思维)。tier表示“层,级”,first-tier city(一线城市)。
教育惩戒
school discipline
为保障和规范教师依法履行教育、管理学生的职责,维护师道尊严,促进学生全面发展、健康成长,教育部近日对外发布《中小学教师实施教育惩戒规则(征求意见稿)》,公众可于2019年12月22日前提出反馈意见。该规则禁止教师以击打、刺扎等方式,实施直接造成身体痛苦的体罚行为,以及辱骂或者以带有歧视、侮辱的言行贬损等侵犯学生人格尊严的行为。
The Ministry of Education published draft regulations on the ways primary and middle school teachers can discipline students last Friday and invited members of the public to give their opinions about them. The regulation prohibits punishments that directly cause physical pain to students, such as hitting and poking with sharp objects, and punishments that violate students' dignity, such as insults and discriminatory or insulting words and acts.
马上学:ManBetX中,直接造成身体痛苦的体罚行为可以用corporal punishment或者physical punishment来表示。
本规则所称教育惩戒(school discipline),是指教师和学校在教育教学过程和管理中基于教育目的与需要,对违规违纪、言行失范的学生进行制止、管束或者以特定方式予以纠正(to stop, discipline or correct in certain way the students whose behavior is inappropriate or breaks rules and regulations),使学生引以为戒,认识和改正错误的职务行为。
同时,规则中列举出一般惩戒、较重惩戒、严重惩戒和强制措施等惩戒行为。
一般惩戒:教师在课堂教学、日常管理中,根据学生违规违纪情形,可以采取以下方式当场进行教育惩戒:
较重惩戒:学生违反校规校纪,情节较重或者经现场教育惩戒拒不改正的,教师经学校德育工作负责人同意,可以实施以下教育惩戒措施,并应当通知家长:
严重惩戒:学生违规违纪、行为失范,屡教不改的,或者严重影响教育教学秩序的,或者有欺凌同学、辱骂殴打教师等恶劣情节的,教师应当提请学校采取以下措施进行教育惩戒:
综合来源:中国日报双语新闻,央视新闻,新华网